Reproductive Function in Women with Graves’ Disease

Abstract

Reproductive function was evaluated in 308 with Graves’ disease (GD): in 250 retrospectively (group 1) and in 58 – prospectively (group 2); the control group included 34 healthy women in reproductive age. The manifestation of Graves’ disease was associated with menstrual abnormalities in 118 women (47.2%) in group 1 and in 37 women (63.8%) in group 2; the most common abnormalities were oligomenorrhea (26 and 21%) and hypomenorrhea (22 and 32%); premature and early menopause were found in 18 and 19%; polymenorrhea in 16% and 11% cases; hypermenorrhea in 11% and 6% cases; amenorrhea in 7% and 11% cases. The prevalence of spontaneous abortion in undertreated hyperthyroidism was 67%, but only 11.8% in case of stable disease (euthyroidism). GD was associated with lower ovarian reserve (high FSH, low Inhibin-B, Antimullerian hormone and ovarian volume). The most favorable results in the view of reproductive outcomes were achieved after radioiodine treatment of GD.