Abstract
Thirty female Pterophyllum scalare were individually exposed for 60 days to treatments varying in the types of available stimuli from conspecific males, (isolated from males, but not from another female; exposed to chemical stimulation; exposed to visual stimulation; exposed to both visual and chemical stimulation; and controls). The influence of these treatments upon spawning rate and interval was determined. The isolates spawned at lower rates than did all other groups. Chemical or visual stimulation increased spawning rates near to the control level. The two stimuli presented simultaneously resulted in higher spawning rates than when either were presented alone and hence, appeared to have an additive effect.
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