Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the reproduction of Pratylenchus zeae and P. brachyurus in leguminous plants used as cover crops. Seedlings of sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea and C. spectabilis), pigeon pea cultivar IPR 43 (Cajanus cajan), dwarf velvet bean (Mucuna deeringiana), black velvet bean (Stizolobium aterrimum), and jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) were inoculated with each nematode separately. Maize cultivar IPR 114 and soybean cultivar Pintado were used as controls to measure the viability of the inoculation of P. zeae and P. brachyurus. After 90 days of inoculation, the plants were collected and nematode g-1 root, final population, and reproduction factors (RF) were evaluated. The experiment was carried out at two different times of the year. The nematode’s RF on cover crops from treatments with the two Crotalaria species, dwarf pigeon pea, and black velvet bean were lower than one (bad host plants) in both experiments for P. zeae. For P. brachyurus, the lowest RFs were obtained for C. juncea, C. spectabilis, and pigeon pea, while the other plants presented RF values close to or higher than one in at least one of the experiments. Therefore, C. spectabilis, C. juncea, and C. cajan cultivar IPR 43 are antagonistic plants that represent useful options for rotation or succession systems that aim to control P. zeae and P. brachyurus.
Highlights
Root lesion nematodes are recognized worldwide as one of the greatest problems in crops of considerable economic importance, such as soybeans, maize, cotton, sugarcane, among others (KORAYEM; MOHAMMED, 2010; MACHADO; BONFIM JÚNIOR; ARAÚJO FILHO, 2010; ARAÚJO FILHO; CASTRO-MORETTI; BONFIM JÚNIOR, 2014)
In Brazil, two species deserve attention due to their geographical distribution and the damage caused to agriculture, namely Pratylenchus zeae Graham and P. brachyurus (Godfrey) Filipjev and Schuurmans Steckhoven (SEVERINO; DIAS-ARIEIRA; TESSMANN, 2010; FRANCHINI et al, 2014)
Pratylenchus zeae has been detected in the main sugarcane producing regions of Brazil, usually in high population concentrations in commercial production areas of the state of São Paulo (NOVARETTI et al, 2014), Northeast region (MOURA et al, 2000), Paraná (SEVERINO; DIASARIEIRA; TESSMANN, 2010), and Rio Grande do Sul (BELLÉ et al, 2017)
Summary
Root lesion nematodes are recognized worldwide as one of the greatest problems in crops of considerable economic importance, such as soybeans, maize, cotton, sugarcane, among others (KORAYEM; MOHAMMED, 2010; MACHADO; BONFIM JÚNIOR; ARAÚJO FILHO, 2010; ARAÚJO FILHO; CASTRO-MORETTI; BONFIM JÚNIOR, 2014). In Brazil, two species deserve attention due to their geographical distribution and the damage caused to agriculture, namely Pratylenchus zeae Graham and P. brachyurus (Godfrey) Filipjev and Schuurmans Steckhoven (SEVERINO; DIAS-ARIEIRA; TESSMANN, 2010; FRANCHINI et al, 2014). Pratylenchus zeae has been detected in the main sugarcane producing regions of Brazil, usually in high population concentrations in commercial production areas of the state of São Paulo (NOVARETTI et al, 2014), Northeast region (MOURA et al, 2000), Paraná (SEVERINO; DIASARIEIRA; TESSMANN, 2010), and Rio Grande do Sul (BELLÉ et al, 2017). Pratylenchus brachyurus has become a major concern in areas planted with soybean, maize, sugarcane, and cotton (SEVERINO; DIAS-ARIEIRA; TESSMANN, 2010; INOMOTO, 2011; MACHADO; FERRAZ; INOMOTO, 2012; BELLÉ et al, 2017). According to Inomoto, Machado and Antedomênico (2007), problems arising from the infestation of this species were aggravated by the introduction of a no-tillage system that, despite its undeniable benefits, allowed the multiplication of the pathogen, favoring its survival and the maintenance of high populations during intercrop periods
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