Reproducibility of the masseteric exteroceptive suppression period using stimulus–response curves

Abstract

The present study evaluated the reproducibility of the late exteroceptive suppression period (ES2) and of pain perception. The surface electro-myogram (EMG) was recorded from the left masseter muscle in 12 males and 12 females (22-31 year). Thirteen fixed stimulus intensities from 5 to 25 mA with 2.5 mA intervals were applied at random to the left mental area, and stimulus-response (S-R) curves were built for each subject. The first stimulation intensity at which the ES2 appeared was defined the reflex threshold, while the lowest stimulus intensity the subjects scored as painful, was called the pain threshold. Using the S-R curves, the other reflex parameters (appearance level, saturation level, slope from appearance to saturation, maximum duration of ES2, and maximum suppression degree) were also determined. Two measurement sessions were scheduled. Both the reflex and the pain sensation appeared at significantly lower stimulus intensity in females than males (P < 0.05). The reflex threshold, the reflex appearance and saturation level showed a significant decrease from the first to second session (P < 0.05), while the pain threshold was significantly higher during the second session (P < 0.01). By contrast, a good reproducibility was found for the maximum duration and suppression degree of ES2. Consequently, if S-R curves would be used to study the relation between the ES2 parameters and stimulus intensity in normal subjects for their applicability in clinical conditions, maximum duration and maximum suppression degree should be focused upon, in order to avoid session and gender effects as confounding factors.