Reproducibility of a 5-repetition maximum strength test in older adults

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Multiple repetition maximum (M-RM) strength tests are suitable alternatives to the 1repetition maximum (1-RM) strength test, particularly in the elderly. In comparison to the 1-RM strength test the research about the reproducibility of M-RM strength tests is very limited, leading to a lack of standardized test protocols for M-RM strength tests. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the test-retest reproducibility of a 5-repetition maximum (5-RM) strength test in older adults. METHODS: After a short preparation session, 28 healthy elderly people older than 60 years (14 men, 14 women) and with at least 3 months strength training experience passed a 5-RM strength test. The test included exercises for the upper body, namely bench press and seated row, and were performed twice within 7 days on the same day of the week at the same time of the day. RESULTS: Significant differences between test and retest ( p 0.90; p< 0.001) was found for the total sample as well as for both sub-samples (men, women). The coefficients of variation were very low and ranged between 0.7 and 2.8%. The high test-retest reproducibility was also demonstrated by the narrow limits of agreements, the very little standard errors of measurements and the minimal smallest real differences. CONCLUSION: The present study confirms the reproducibility of the 5-RM strength test for upper body exercises in older adults with strength training experience. The 5-RM strength test is a reliable and simple measurement and can be used in sports practice for theoretical and practical purposes.