Reproducibility and Relative Validity of the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3 Estimated by Comprehensive and Brief Diet History Questionnaires in Japanese Adults.

Kentaro Murakami,M Barbara E Livingstone,Aya Fujiwara,Satoshi Sasaki

doi:10.3390/nu11102540

Kentaro Murakami, M Barbara E Livingstone + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102540

Copy DOI

Journal: Nutrients	Publication Date: Oct 21, 2019
Citations: 25	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: The University of Tokyo, University of Ulster

Abstract

We examined the reproducibility and relative validity of two measures of overall diet quality, the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and Nutrient-Rich Food Index 9.3 (NRF9.3), as estimated by well-established self-administered dietary assessment questionnaires for the Japanese, namely the comprehensive diet history questionnaire (DHQ) and the brief diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). Diet was assessed separately by two DHQs and two BDHQs at a 1-year interval and by 16-day weighed dietary records (DRs) in 121 women and 121 men aged 31–81 years. HEI-2015 and NRF9.3 were calculated from each method. The reproducibility correlation for the two questionnaires (intraclass correlation) ranged from 0.53 (HEI-2015 from BDHQ in men) to 0.77 (NRF9.3 from BDHQ in women). The validity correlation between the first questionnaires and DR (Pearson correlation) ranged from 0.37 (NRF9.3 from BDHQ in men) to 0.61 (NRF9.3 from DHQ and BDHQ in women). Bland–Altman plots showed poor agreement between the DHQ or BDHQ and DR, as well as the presence of weak proportional bias. Overall, these data indicate reasonable reproducibility and ranking ability of the DHQ and BDHQ for assessing the HEI-2015 and NRF9.3 and support their usefulness in future epidemiological research on the overall effects of Japanese diets on various health outcomes.

Highlights

Owing to the low prevalence of coronary artery disease and relatively good life expectancy of the Japanese, the diet consumed by the Japanese is widely perceived to be healthy [1,2,3]
In our recent systematic review of Japanese studies which obtained dietary patterns using a principal component analysis, we found that the food groups which contribute to dietary patterns termed healthy are reasonably consistent with those often observed in Western countries [9]
We examined the reproducibility and relative validity of HEI-2015 and NRF9.3 estimated from the diet history questionnaire (DHQ) and brief diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) using a 4-day weighed dietary record (DR)

Summary

Introduction

Owing to the low prevalence of coronary artery disease and relatively good life expectancy of the Japanese, the diet consumed by the Japanese is widely perceived to be healthy [1,2,3]. Empirical support for this assertion is limited, due to a lack of appropriate tools for assessing the overall quality of the Japanese diet. Studies have consistently determined that compliance with the Japanese healthy eating guidelines (Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top) is simultaneously associated with both favourable aspects of dietary intake (e.g., higher intake of dietary fibre and micronutrients) and unfavourable aspects (e.g., higher intake of saturated fats and sodium) [4,5,6,7]. In our recent systematic review of Japanese studies which obtained dietary patterns using a principal component analysis, we found that the food groups which contribute to dietary patterns termed healthy (vegetables, including potatoes, mushrooms, and seaweeds; fruits; soy products) are reasonably consistent with those often observed in Western countries [9].

Methods

Discussion

Conclusion