Abstract
BackgroundThe importance of diet and nutrition during preconception age is a window of opportunity to promote future parental and transgenerational health. As a sub-study to a large Norwegian study, ‘Diet today – health of tomorrow’, a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed to assess diet during the preconception phase in young adults aged 20 – 30 years and in this paper we report the reproducibility and relative validity of this questionnaire.MethodsThe FFQ was developed from an existing FFQ validated in adolescents. Participants were recruited on social media and at a university. Reproducibility was assessed by comparing the test and retest of the FFQ. Relative validity was assessed by comparing intake measured by the FFQ with a 7-day weighed food record. Energy, nutrients and food intake were used to assess the reproducibility and relative validity of the FFQ. The study applied the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, percentage of agreement and Cohen’s Kappa to assess reproducibility and validity.ResultsThere were 32 participants recruited to the study, of which 21 participants completed both the test-retest reproducibility and the relative validation. The test-retest reproducibility had a median correlation coefficient of 0.85 for energy and nutrients, a median Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of 0.75 and a median Cohen’s Kappa of 0.51 for food groups. The relative validity of the FFQ had a median correlation coefficient of 0.59 for energy and nutrients, a median Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient of 0.54 and a median Cohen’s Kappa of 0.28 for food groups.ConclusionThis newly developed FFQ for preconception diet in young adults had a satisfactory test-retest reproducibility and fair relative validity.
Highlights
The importance of diet and nutrition during preconception age is a window of opportunity to promote future parental and transgenerational health
We examined energy intake and intake of vegetables and fruits assessed by the food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and the weighed food record (WFR) by Bland-Altman plots, i.e. by plotting the mean energy intake and intake of vegetables and fruits (x-axis) against their mean difference for each participant [21]
There were 15 nutrients that showed high correlation (> 0.7) and two nutrients that were in the common range of correlation for reproducibility (0.5 – 0.7) (Table 2)
Summary
The importance of diet and nutrition during preconception age is a window of opportunity to promote future parental and transgenerational health. As a sub-study to a large Norwegian study, ‘Diet today – health of tomorrow’, a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was developed to assess diet during the preconception phase in young adults aged 20 – 30 years and in this paper we report the reproducibility and relative validity of this questionnaire. The understanding that diet and nutrition during the preconception phase of life is important for a future child’s development and later life conditions is a developing field of study, showing promise in promoting future parental and transgenerational health [2,3,4,5,6]. The development of a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) that targets this population is important
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