Abstract
The best Damascus blades were forged in Persia from Indian wootz steel having a carbon content of about 1.5%. They became famous for their high quality and distinct surface patterns which resulted from small cementite particles arranged in parallel layers. The last highest‐quality blades were made perhaps in the 18th century, after which the art was temporarily lost. Recently, it has been rediscovered. In this paper, it is shown that this ancient steel material can be reproduced by a modern foundry. The addition of about 0.5% Cr is essential. The interdendritic segregation of Cr and thermal cycling lead to the formation of the characteristic layered microstructure in forged specimens. Cr also prevents graphitization.
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