Representation of the Lexical and Semantic Field “Time” in the “Dictionary of Russian Dialects on the Territory of the Republic of Mordovia”

Abstract

The article deals with the specifics of the national language world picture of the Republic of Mordovia. On the basis of the lexicographic data analysis the authors note a set of language units that represent the lexical and semantic field "Time" and define its structural and semantic peculiarities. The paper shows that lexemes with time semantics are a segment of the regional dictionary. In accordance with the results of the field complex analysis, this dialectal unity of words is characterized by various meanings of time. The authors prove that the nouns nominate different intervals of time (nominations connected with religious views of rural inhabitants as well as ritual traditions are frequent). The adjectives characterize a thing or an event qualifying them depending on their relation to any time scheme. The verbs point to the actions connected with eating meals at the definite time intervals. The adverbs represent two main meanings – definite or indefinite time. The nominations of time intervals that are referred to the past demonstrate a high level of variability. The authors conclude that the lexical and semantic field "Time" demonstrates a complex lexical and semantic unity with the units that are linked into a system by basic paradigmatic relations (polysemy, synonymy, antonymy, homonymy).