Abstract

Motivated by the Elementary Problem B-416 in the Fibonacci Quarterly, we show that, given any integers n and r with n≥2, every positive integer can be expressed as a sum of Fibonacci numbers whose indices are distinct integers not congruent to r modulo n. Similar expressions are also dealt with for the case of Lucas numbers. Symmetric and anti-symmetric properties of Fibonacci and Lucas numbers are used in the proofs.

Highlights

  • Let Fn denote the nth Fibonacci number defined byF0 = 0, F1 = 1, Fn = Fn−1 + Fn−2 ( n ≥ 2).Lucas numbers Ln are defined as L0 = 2, L1 = 1, and Ln = Ln−1 + Ln−2 for n ≥ 2

  • One can find a lot of properties about Fibonacci and Lucas numbers in any book of Fibonacci numbers

  • Fibonacci numbers of negative indices can be defined in a natural way and Binet’s formula holds true for all n ∈ Z

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Summary

Introduction

Fibonacci numbers of negative indices can be defined in a natural way and Binet’s formula holds true for all n ∈ Z. Every positive integer can be expressed as a sum of nonconsecutive Lucas numbers of nonnegative indices. Α j Fj j=− N with each α j in {0, 1} and α j = 0 when j is a multiple of 3 No solutions of this problem were received at that time and so it was recently presented again by the editor Harris Kwong of the Fibonacci. We show in Theorems 2, 3 and 6 that, given any integers n and r with n ≥ 2, every positive integer can be expressed as a sum of Fibonacci numbers whose indices are distinct integers not congruent to r modulo n. Since the methods of the proofs in this article are constructive, it would be good if one may exploit our representations to construct new codes

Even and Odd Expressions in Fibonacci and Lucas Numbers
Representation of Integers beyond Even and Odd Expressions
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