Reply on RC1

Abstract

The reasons for spatial and temporal variation of methane emission from mire ecosystems are not fully understood. Stable isotope signatures of the emitted methane can offer cues to the causes of these variations. We measured the methane emission and 13C-signature of emitted methane by automated chambers at a temperate mire for two growing seasons. In addition, we used ambient methane mixing ratios and δ13C-CH4 to calculate a mire-scale 13C signature using a nocturnal boundary-layer accumulation approach. Microbial methanogenic and methanotrophic communities were determined by a captured metagenomics analysis. The chamber measurements showed large and systematic spatial variations in δ13C-CH4 of up to 15 ‰ but smaller and less systematic temporal variation. The trophic status of methanogenesis was the dominant factor explaining the spatial variation. Genetic analysis indicated that methanogenic communities at all sample locations were able to utilize both hydrogenotrophic and acetoclastic pathways and could thus adapt to trophic status. The temporal variation of methane emission and δ13C-CH4 over the growing seasons showed hysteresis-like behavior, indicative of time-lagged responses to temperature and trophic status. The up-scaled chamber measurements and nocturnal boundary-layer accumulation measurements showed similar average δ13C-CH4 values of -81.3 ‰ and -79.3 ‰, respectively, lending confidence to the use of mire scale isotopic signatures to be used in e.g. atmospheric inversion modelling of methane sources. The results obtained can constrain our theories on the variability of methane emission from mire ecosystems and be useful in development of numerical models of mire biogeochemistry.