Abstract
Wind plant layout optimization is a difficult, complex problem with a large number of variables and many local minima. Layout optimization only becomes more difficult with the addition of solar generation. In this paper, we propose a parameterized approach to wind and solar hybrid power plant layout optimization that greatly reduces problem dimensionality while guaranteeing that the generated layouts have a desirable regular structure. We argue that the evolution strategies class of derivative-free optimization methods is well-suited to the parameterized hybrid layout problem, and we demonstrate how hard layout constraints (e.g. placement restrictions) can be transformed into soft constraints that are amenable to optimization using evolution strategies. Next, we present experimental results on four test sites, demonstrating the viability, reliability, and effectiveness of the parameterized ES approach for generating optimized hybrid plant layouts. Completing the tool kit for parameterized ES layout generation, we include a brief tutorial describing how the parameterized ES approach can be inspected, understood, and debugged when applied to hybrid plant layouts.
Highlights
Deployment of integrated hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) is expected to increase because of their potential to improve flexibility, resilience, and economics
We argue that the evolution strategies class 5 of derivative-free optimization methods is well-suited to the parameterized hybrid layout problem, and we demonstrate how hard layout constraints can be transformed into soft constraints that are amenable to optimization using evolution strategies
– We argue that the evolution strategies class of derivative-free optimization methods are well-suited to the parameterized hybrid layout problem, and we demonstrate how hard layout constraints can be transformed through parameterization, projection, and finesse into soft constraints amenable to optimization with ES
Summary
Deployment of integrated hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) is expected to increase because of their potential to improve flexibility, resilience, and economics. A hybrid wind-solar plant offers benefits due to resource complementarity and shared permitting, siting, equipment, interconnection, transmission, and transaction costs, but it can be difficult to optimally 15 site given additional constraints (Gorman et al, 2020). The design considerations of the stand-alone wind and solar plant apply to the hybrid plant in addition to those imposed by their colocation, such as sizing and the effect of wind turbine shading on solar energy performance. Photovoltaic (PV) array design and effective irradiance are important 20 site considerations for solar plants. Irradiance reduction can be estimated by on-site surveys or 3D models and minimized by reducing the ground coverage ratio (GCR), using tracking, and by reducing internal and external shading.
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