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Abstract

Advancement in flexible ureterorenoscopes (URSs) has expanded the capability of urologists to diagnose and treat most diseases of the upper urinary tract. Since the introduction of the flexible tip in 1983 and the work of Bagley and Rittenberg to determine the optimal tip deflection (175°) necessary to completely explore the intrarenal cavities, the amount of progress in flexible URS technology has increased the access to the intrarenal cavities and, particularly, to the lower pole. In 1994, Grasso and Bagley 1 Grasso M. Bagley D. A 7.5/8.2F actively deflectable, flexible ureteroscope a new device for both diagnostic and therapeutic upper urinary tract endoscopy. Urology. 1994; 43: 435-441 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (105) Google Scholar described and evaluated a two-way deflecting URS with active and passive deflection, and, recently, all manufacturers have provided flexible URSs with complete 270° tip deflection. New-generation flexible ureterorenoscopes are more durable than previous onesUrologyVol. 68Issue 2PreviewTo determine the deterioration in the maximal active deflection and flow capabilities of a new-generation flexible ureteroscope (URS). Full-Text PDF