Abstract
Most cases of cancer, when detected at an advanced stage, cannot be cured with conventional therapeutic modalities. Therefore, novel approaches such as gene therapy are needed. Neverthelass, while the safety record of gene therapy, for cancer has been excellent, clinical efficacy has been limited. Moreover, it has become evident that clinical efficacy is directly determined by gene delivery efficacy. For this reason, the use of replication-competent oncolytic viruses has been proposed. Oncolytic viruses are potentially attractive therapeutics for cancer because they selectively amplify the input treatment dose in target cells Both naturally occurring and genetically engineered oncolytic viruses have been described. The most advanced clinical results are sported for conditionally replicating adenoviruses (CRAds). In this review, we will describe the use of oncolytic viruses as single-agent and combination treatments for cancer.
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