Abstract
This article surveys fundamental and applied aspects of symmetry in system models, and of symmetry reduction methods used to counter state explosion in model checking, an automated formal verification technique. While covering the research field broadly, we particularly emphasize recent progress in applying the technique to realistic systems, including tools that promise to elevate the scope of symmetry reduction to large-scale program verification. The article targets researchers and engineers interested in formal verification of concurrent systems.
Highlights
Model checking is a verification technique that exhaustively examines a state-based representation of the system at hand [1,2]
We study the foundations of exploiting symmetry in model checking, as well as obstacles surrounding its applicability in practice
Symmetry Reduction in Explicit-State Model Checking In Section 3, we have shown that a model of a symmetric structure gives rise to a bisimilar and comparatively small quotient model over representative states
Summary
Model checking is a verification technique that exhaustively examines a state-based representation of the system at hand [1,2]. Its main obstacle in practice is the state explosion problem: the exponential dependence of the size of the representation on the number of attributes characterizing a state. This problem is especially severe for concurrent systems, where state explosion is caused by the variable state space, and by the existence of many components executing more or less independently. On the other hand, replicated components usually induce a system model with a Symmetry 2010, 2 regular, symmetric structure, which can be reduced to a much smaller abstract model while preserving a significant class of properties
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