Replacement of the Distorted Dentition of the Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scans for Orthognathic Surgery Planning

Abstract

Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) does not record dental morphology accurately because of the scattering produced by metallic restorations and the reported magnification of the dentition. The aim of this study was the development and evaluation of a new method for the replacement of the distorted dentition of CBCT scans with a 3-dimensional (3D) dental image captured by a digital intraoral camera. Six dried skulls with orthodontic brackets fixed on the teeth were used in this study. Three intraoral markers made of dental stone were constructed and attached to orthodontic brackets. The skulls were scanned by CBCT and the occlusal surfaces were captured using the TRIOS 3D intraoral scanner. The digital intraoral scan (IOS) was fused into the CBCT models. This produced a new composite digital model of the skull and the dentition. The skulls were scanned again using the commercially accurate Faro laser arm to produce the 3D model the skull and teeth gold standard for the assessment of the accuracy of the developed method. This was assessed by measuring the distance between the occlusal surfaces of the new composite model and the gold standard 3D laser produced model. The results showed the errors related to the superimposition of the intraoral image on the CBCT to replace the distorted dentition were 0.11 to 0.20mm. The results of this novel method suggest that the dentition on the CBCT scan can be accurately replaced with the digital IOS image captured by an intraoral scanner to create a composite model that will improve the accuracy of digital orthognathic surgical planning and the fabrication of the guiding occlusal wafer.