Abstract
Friction welding is a solid state technology which has been used worldwide. Potential advantages may be recognized as reducing welding project costs, weld weight, environmental impact and to promote enhanced mechanical properties. However, traditional welding methods are still a common practice in many engineering areas. In this sense, this work aims to present the technical advantages for replacing gas metal arc welding (GMAW) by friction welding for joining hydraulic cylinder tubes. The feasibility of friction welding was demonstrated by microstructural analysis, mechanical properties and hydrostatic pressure testing. The results showed enhanced mechanical properties for the friction welded tubes. In addition, macro and microstructural features presented distinguishable process characteristics which reflect in different microhardness values. The friction weld exhibited a better behavior in bending as well as hydrostatic tests.
Highlights
SAE 1026 and SAE 1030 grades represent hypoeutectic steels commonly obtained by hot rolling processes
It is well known that HAZ has coarser microstructure in comparison to the base material
A mixed weld microstructure was observed on the evaluated welds
Summary
SAE 1026 and SAE 1030 grades represent hypoeutectic steels commonly obtained by hot rolling processes These materials are often used in the industry 1 being applied as drive shafts, connecting rods, spindles, and other automotive parts. From the microstructure point of view, these low carbon steels normally achieve proeutectoid ferrite and pearlite structure at room temperature, but it strongly depends on the heat treatment as well as the cooling rates adopted. These materials are commonly selected due to their wear resistance, and are often heat treated to meet the strength requirements 2. It can be indicated that the friction welded parts can be cooled rapidly than fusion welds, since lower process temperatures are normally reached
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