Abstract
Three lignans (1–3) and three butanolides (4–6) were isolated from the lipophilic extract of the Cinnamomum camphora stem bark. The six compounds were identified as (-)-sesamin (1), 9α-hydroxysesamin (2), 9β-hydroxysesamin (3), obtusilactone A (4), isoobtusilactone A (IOA, 5), and isomahubanolide (6) from their spectroscopic data. Four (1, 2 and 5, 6) of them were evaluated for their repellent and feeding deterrent activities against Tribolium castaneum. In this work, the three butanolides (4–6) were confirmed to exist in C. camphora for the first time. Results of bioassays indicated that (-)-sesamin (1), IOA (5), and isomahubanolide (6) displayed certain repellent activities against T. castaneum at 78.63, 15.73, and 3.15 μg/cm2 at 2 h after exposure. Among the three compounds, (-)-sesamin (1) and IOA (5) exerted stronger effects and maintained longer duration of repellency. Furthermore, IOA (5) and isomahubanolide (6) showed good feeding deterrent activity against T. castaneum. IOA (5) was still potently active at low concentrations with the feeding deterrence index (FDI) ranging from 42.85% to 50.66% at 15–1500 ppm. This work provides some evidence for explaining antiinsect properties of the nonvolatile fraction of the C. camphora stem bark and helps promote the development and comprehensive utilization of this tree species.
Highlights
Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the widespread and destructive insects infecting stored grain, flour, and many other cereal products [1]
Synthetic chemical pesticides serve as the main method to control stored-product insects
All these problems are in conflict with food security and human health we stress today [2, 3]. erefore, it is necessary to seek for alternative remedies
Summary
Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the widespread and destructive insects infecting stored grain, flour, and many other cereal products [1]. The application of these chemical reagents for decades has led to negative impacts, such as pesticide residue, insecticide resistance, and environmental contamination. E camphorwood with special fragrance is a superior material for construction, furniture, and carvings for its beneficial resistance to Journal of Chemistry humidity and pests. It was popularly made into a storage box as an essential dowry when a girl gets married in ancient China due to its good practicability of preventing clothing, leather, specimens, archive files, and other items suffering from pests and moulds. It was expected to explain antiinsect properties of the C. camphora stem bark based on the nonvolatile fraction, to fill in the research gaps in this aspect
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