Repeat assessment of physical examination findings among HIV-uninfected children in Malawi with chest-indrawing pneumonia: Recto: Chest-indrawing pneumonia in HIV-uninfected

Abstract

Despite its high burden and deadly consequences, pediatric pneumonia is difficult to diagnose and the prognosis is difficult to predict, particularly in resource-constrained settings. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that pediatric pneumonia be diagnosed based on clinical signs and symptoms such as cough, difficulty breathing, fast breathing, chest indrawing, and danger signs using the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) guidelines. (World Health Organization (WHO) 2014) However, diagnosing pneumonia based on subjective, non-specific and unreliable signs and symptoms can prove challenging.