Reparative effects of panax quinquefolius saponin on gastric mucosal lesions induced by dual antiplatelet drugs in AMI model rats

Abstract

We sought to evaluate the reparative effects of panax quinquefolius saponin (PQS) on gastric mucosal lesions induced by dual antiplatelet drugs. Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (<italic>n</italic>=36) were randomly divided into two groups (<italic>n</italic>=12), the acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model group and the dual antiplatelet plus PQS group. The other 12 rats served as sham-operated controls. Infusing the rats after modelling for 28 days, we evaluated several factors. Blood plasma was collected to measure the content of serum gastrin (GAS), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), plasma motilin (MTL), and endothelin-1 (ET-1). We observed changes in histology and gastric mucosa ultrastructure. Compared with the AMI group, the gastric mucosa Guth and Whittle scores of the dual antiplatelet group increased significantly (<italic>P</italic><0.01). Compared with the dual antiplatelet group, the Guth and White scores of the dual antiplatelet plus PQS group significantly decreased (<italic>P</italic><0.01). Interestingly, the plasma MTL, serum IL-1β, and TNFα levels in the dual antiplatelet group improved compared with the AMI group (<italic>P</italic><0.05). However, ET-1 and GAS levels were reduced (<italic>P</italic><0.05). Compared with the dual antiplatelet group, the serum NO and GAS levels in the dual antiplatelet plus PQS group significantly increased (<italic>P</italic><0.05), and the plasma ET-1, MTL, serum IL-1β, and TNFα levels were reduced (<italic>P</italic><0.05). These results suggest that PQS has a certain reparative effect on gastric mucosa damage induced by dual antiplatelet drugs. The mechanism by which this occurs may be related to the promotion of GAS and NO protective factor formation, reduction of IL-1β and TNFα inflammatory factors, or the secretion of ET-1 and formation of MTL damage factors.