Abstract
Abstract The topic of the study was to verify in vivo survival of in vitro cultured autologous and allogenous chondrocytes suspended in a fibrin glue Beriplast® or seeded on Collagen type I-Hyaluronan (Col type I-HYA) scaffolds for the regeneration of articular cartilage defects in rabbits. The study was carried out on 15 domestic rabbits randomly assigned to five groups (n = 3 in each) with different treatments of artificially created chondral defects (ChD´s). These defects were made in a non-load-bearing area of medial condyle of the distal femur, and were treated as follows: 1st and 3rd group: the ChD´s were filled with autologous or allogenous chondrocytes seeded on Col type I-HYA scaffolds, respectively. The scaffolds were fixed to the ChD´s by fibrin glue Beriplast®; 2nd and 4th group: the ChD´s were filled with a suspension of autologous or allogenous chondrocytes in fibrin glue Beriplast®, respectively, and they were immediately covered by unseeded Col type I-HYA scaffolds; Control group: the ChD´s were left to heal spontaneously without any treatment. Macroscopical, histological and immunohistochemical analyses of the ChD´s were performed 12 months after the treatment. In all treated groups, the chondrocytes were capable to proliferate and produce the cartilage extracellular matrix, including proteoglycans and type II collagen, as compared to the control “untreated” group. On the other hand, the production of hyaline-like cartilage tissue confirmed that both therapeutic methods using autologous chondrocytes can be applied successfully for the treatment of chondral defects in rabbits.
Highlights
Articular hyaline cartilage is a specialized connective tissue important for the distribution of pressure and shear forces within joints with a specific role in animal locomotionActa Veterinaria-Beograd 2014, 64 (1), 61-72[1]
In the 2nd and 4th group treated with the suspension of autologous or allogenous chondrocytes, respectively, we have found just partial healing of the Chondral defects (ChDs) in all rabbits (Fig. 1b)
We have decided to use two different methods of implantation of autologous and allogenous chondrocytes into the ChDs: (a) a suspension of chondrocytes in a fibrin glue covered by the Col type I-HYA scaffolds, and (b) chondrocytes seeded on the Col type I-HYA scaffolds fixed with a fibrin glue
Summary
Articular hyaline cartilage is a specialized connective tissue important for the distribution of pressure and shear forces within joints with a specific role in animal locomotionActa Veterinaria-Beograd 2014, 64 (1), 61-72[1]. It was observed that despite the limited ability of chondrocytes to migrate from marginal zones into the defective site, they cannot multiply in these locations and produce macromolecules needed for the repair of the organized intercellular matrix typical of normal articular cartilage [4]. The implantation of chondrocyte–collagen composites into cartilage defects has proved a promising method of cartilage repair [14,15] and numerous in vivo studies in animals have shown that hyaluronan-based scaffolds seeded with autologous chondrocytes are useful for inducing the formation of hyaline-like cartilage tissue and are reabsorbed in the absence of an inflammatory response [16,17]. The aims of our study were to investigate a repair process of artificially created cartilage defects in rabbits treated by autologous and allogenous chondrocytes in a suspension in fibrin glue Beriplast® or seeded on Collagen type I-Hyaluronan (Col type I-HYA) scaffolds. The healing process of ChDs was evaluated macroscopically, as well as by histological and immunohistochemical analyses 12 months after the treatment
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