Abstract
BackgroundTissue engineering scaffold constitutes a new strategy of myocardial repair. Here, we studied the contribution of a patch using autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded on collagen-1 scaffold on the cardiac reconstruction in rat model of chronic myocardial infarction (MI).MethodsPatches were cultured with controlled MSCs (growth, phenotype and potentiality). Twenty coronary ligated rats with tomoscingraphy (SPECT)-authenticated transmural chronic MI were referred into a control group (n = 10) and a treated group (n = 10) which beneficiated an epicardial MSC-patch engraftment. Contribution of MSC-patch was tested 1-mo after using non-invasive SPECT cardiac imaging, invasive hemodynamic assessment and immunohistochemistry.Results3D-collagen environment affected the cell growth but not the cell phenotype and potentiality. MSC-patch integrates well the epicardial side of chronic MI scar. In treated rats, one-month SPECT data have documented an improvement of perfusion in MI segments compared to control (64 ± 4% vs 49 ± 3% p = 0.02) and a reduced infarction. Contractile parameter dp/dtmax and dp/dtmin were improved (p & 0.01). Histology showed an increase of ventricular wall thickness (1.75 ± 0.24 vs 1.35 ± 0.32 mm, p &0.05) and immunochemistry of the repaired tissue displayed enhanced angiogenesis and myofibroblast-like tissue.Conclusion3D-MSC-collagen epicardial patch engraftment contributes to reverse remodeling of chronic MI.
Highlights
IntroductionWe studied the contribution of a patch using autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded on collagen-1 scaffold on the cardiac reconstruction in rat model of chronic myocardial infarction (MI)
Tissue engineering scaffold constitutes a new strategy of myocardial repair
Post-myocardial infarction (MI) left ventricular function was assessed by left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)
Summary
We studied the contribution of a patch using autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) seeded on collagen-1 scaffold on the cardiac reconstruction in rat model of chronic myocardial infarction (MI). I.e. sheet, circular ring or complex multistack form, etc.., have been tested [10,11,12,13] In preclinical models, this surgical approach of “ventricular bio-assistance” is reported to yield early encouraging results with a low complication rate. It should be noted that these studies were performed on the acute MI phase where native cardiac architecture was not yet engaged into deleterious remodeling process This promising strategy might be adapted in the case of chronic and transmural myocardial fibrotic scar where the process of regenerative strategies still remains difficult and challenging. Because of uncertainties emanated from first clinical trials with cardiac stem cell therapy [14,15], it has been emphasized that crucial steps toward improving outcomes seen in preclinical studies requires careful establishment of the diagnosis, extent, and severity of MI
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