Abstract
Transdisciplinary (TD) research and community-based participatory research (CBPR) represent promising investigative approaches to ameliorate health disparities. Public investments in team-based TD research to address multifactorial public health problems have increased over the last two decades. Similarly, recognition that community participation in research and social action is essential to promoting health equity is reflected in increased prioritization of community engagement in research and practice. Yet, models that describe and guide the combined TD and CBPR approach are lacking. We utilized a qualitative, convergent parallel case study design that included document reviews and one-on-one interviews to assess how investigators from the Centers for Population Health and Health Disparities (CPHHD) initiative integrated TD team science and CBPR in their work, and what they perceived as the impact of that work on health equity. Twenty-five CPHHD investigators and National Institutes of Health program staff participated in a one-on-one interview. Document and interview data informed the development of an iterative conceptual model of TD CBPR comprising five domains: problem focus, contexts, collaboration and partnership, outcomes, and societal impact of TD CBPR. TD team science and CBPR are integrally related; combining principles of both can facilitate more efficient, equitable progress toward team outcomes, improved population health, and increased health equity. This model could assist researchers and public health practitioners in designing community-relevant, scientifically rigorous research with practical implications for improving health and quality of life among marginalized populations.
Highlights
Transdisciplinary (TD) research and Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) represent promising investigative approaches to ameliorate health disparities
As a Centers for Population Health and Health Disparities (CPHHD) requirement, study teams comprised investigators from universities and comprehensive cancer centers as well as individuals who represented various academic disciplines and diverse community, health care practice, and policy groups who collaborated to integrate TD and CBPR approaches in their work in service of addressing health disparities
Between July and August 2015, 25 CPHHD investigators and National Institutes of Health (NIH) program staff participated in a telephone (n=23) or face-to-face (n=2) interview lasting between 37-50 minutes
Summary
Transdisciplinary (TD) research and Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) represent promising investigative approaches to ameliorate health disparities. Conclusions: TD team science and CBPR are integrally related; combining principles of both can facilitate more efficient, equitable progress towards team outcomes, improved population health, and increased health equity This model could assist researchers and public health practitioners in designing community-relevant, scientifically rigorous research with practical implications for improving health and quality of life among marginalized populations. Public research investment has expanded into two new and promising research approaches to addressing health disparities; one of these is transdisciplinary (TD) research and the other is community-based participatory research (CBPR).[1,2,3,4,5,6] TD research from a health perspective aims to incorporate and integrate concepts from multiple disciplinary perspectives with the scientific goal to develop new theories, methods, or frameworks that transcend any single discipline, and a population health goal of more effectively addressing and solving complex health-related societal problems.[5,7] TD research in public health generally reflects a problem-centric, rather than discipline-centric approach to achieve that goal. Both TD and CBPR focus on promoting equity, social justice, and elimination of health disparities.[9,10] Table 1 describes key characteristics of each approach.[11,12,13]
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