Abstract
In the large-momentum effective field theory approach to parton physics, the matrix elements of nonlocal operators of quark and gluon fields, linked by straight Wilson lines in a spatial direction, are calculated in lattice quantum chromodynamics as a function of hadron momentum. Using the heavy-quark effective theory formalism, we show a multiplicative renormalization of these operators at all orders in perturbation theory, both in dimensional and lattice regularizations. The result provides a theoretical basis for extracting parton properties through properly renormalized observables in MonteCarlo simulations.
Highlights
Introduction.—One of the most important goals of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is to understand the hadron structure from its fundamental degrees of freedom—quarks and gluons
In the past few years, a new approach has been proposed to study parton physics from lattice QCD, which is known as the large-momentum effective theory (LMET) [5,6]
In analogy to heavy-quark effective theory (HQET), we argue that this theory is renormalizable to all orders in perturbation theory
Summary
In the large-momentum effective field theory approach to parton physics, the matrix elements of nonlocal operators of quark and gluon fields, linked by straight Wilson lines in a spatial direction, are calculated in lattice quantum chromodynamics as a function of hadron momentum. An example is the parton distribution functions (PDFs), which are defined as the quark and gluon matrix elements of light-cone correlations and describe the momentum distribution of quarks and gluons inside the hadron. One starts from a time-independent quasi-PDF, which is a matrix element of nonlocal quark and gluon operators that can be directly calculated on the lattice, and uses it to extract the light-cone PDF through a perturbative factorization up to power corrections suppressed by the nucleon momentum. In this Letter, we perform a systematic study of the renormalization of gauge-invariant nonlocal operators for
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