Abstract

Background. The most important cause of acute renal failure in normal kidneys is ischemia‐reperfusion (I/R) injury. The aim of the current study was to investigate the protective effects of Origanum majorana (OM) methanolic extract, carvacrol, and vitamin E on I/R‐induced kidney injury in male rats. Material and Method. Thirty Wistar male rats were randomly allocated into 5 groups; sham, I/R, I/R + OM (300 mg/kg), I/R + carvacrol (75 mg/kg), and I/R + vitamin E (100 mg/kg). Renal function markers, oxidant‐antioxidant parameters, and histopathological examination were evaluated. Results. It was exhibited that the urea, creatinine, protein carbonyl, glomerular filtration rate, total thiol, ferric reducing antioxidant power, and histopathological changes markedly reversed in the treatment groups with OM or carvacrol in comparison to the I/R merely group. Conclusion. We conclude that OM extract or its ingredient, carvacrol, exerts renoprotective impacts in I/R‐induced kidney injury possibly by scavenging free radicals and increasing antioxidant power.

Highlights

  • Ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) occurs after a sudden drop in blood flow to the whole or part of the kidney [1]

  • glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was reduced in the I/R untreated group when compared to sham rats (P < 0.001), whereas treatment with Origanum majorana (OM) extract and Vit E considerably increased it (P < 0.001) (Figure 1(c))

  • E urine flow rate was insignificantly decreased in I/R untreated group as compared to the sham group; treatment with OM extract and its ingredients had no effect on it (Table 1). e UNaV0 and UKV0, as well as fractional excretion of them (FENa and fractional excretion of K (FEK)), were markedly enlarged in the I/R group in comparison to the sham group (P < 0.001)

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Summary

Introduction

Ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) occurs after a sudden drop in blood flow to the whole or part of the kidney [1]. The causes of death in ARF patients include respiratory failure, dialysis, and sepsis [3]. E most important cause of ARF in normal kidneys and in transplanted kidneys is kidney ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) damage. I/R injury occur in patients with severe stress such as kidney transplantation, acute rejection in kidney transplantation, cardiovascular surgery, trauma, and renal failure [5, 6]. With the closure of renal blood flow in ischemic ARF, chain events occur that eventually lead to kidney damage [7]. When arterial blood flow is reestablished, oxygen reaches the kidney tissue through the bloodstream and forms free radicals. Free radicals increase, which is much more than the capacity of cellular detoxification in the kidneys, resulting in cellular damage [8]

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