Renin angiotensin system polymorphisms in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS)

Abstract

Background The genes associated with hypertension could be genetic risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). Aim To determine the frequency of M235T and T174M- AGT, I/D- ACE and A1166C- AGTR1 in hypertensive patients with MetS and to evaluate the relationship between these polymorphisms and central obesity and dyslipidemia, respectively. Materials and methods We performed AGT, AGTR1 and ACE genotyping in 56 hypertensive women (24 with MetS) and 71 normotensive women using PCR-RFLP methods and PCR, respectively. Results Hypertensive patients carrying the mutated TT235, MM174 and DD genotypes had an 1.53 (p = 0.56), 1.78 (p = 0.52) and 1.28 (p = 0.78)-fold increased risk to develop MetS. Hypertensive carriers of both mutated TT235 and MM174 or TT235 and D/D or TT235 and CC + AC genotypes had an 8.15 (p = 0.04), 4.83 (p = 0.04) and 10.53 (p = 0.05)-fold increased risk to develop MetS. Hypertensive patients with MetS and TT, D/D or CC genotypes had higher body mass index compared to hypertensive patients without MetS (p ≤ 0.05 for all the genotypes). Hypertensive patients with MetS and TT235, MM174, D/D or CC1166 genotypes had higher triglyceride levels, lower HDL-cholesterol levels and higher waist circumference compared to hypertensive patients without MetS (p ≤ 0.05, except for the association between CC1166 and HDL-cholesterol level). Conclusions The effect of the T174M, I/D and A1166C polymorphisms on MetS may depend on the M235T polymorphism. Among hypertensive subjects with MetS, the presence of TT235, MM174, DD and CC1166 genotypes could be a risk factor for central obesity and dyslipidemia.