Abstract
Building on the historical foundations of the geopolitics of energy, this essay argues that under capitalism, the “energy model” performs more functions than only supplying energy to the system. In the fossil fuel model, the territorial control of energy sources (coal, oil, gas, and uranium) preserves hegemony, and since the 1970s, oil revenue has been used to sustain global imbalances. Considering that the properties of renewable sources are radically different from those of fossil fuels (there is no possibility of territorial control or commodification), I discuss the concepts of soft and hard paths as established by Lovins and using the example of “new hydrogen geopolitics,” in an attempt to create a hard path renewable model similar to the fossil fuel one, may foster new tensions that could catalyze a new generation of energy-related conflicts.
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