Abstract
From the beginning of the 2000s, Uruguay is systematically working on Renewable Energies (RE), with concrete policies for the development of the re sector, with short, medium, and long-term clear objectives. At this stage, and under different recently passed laws, the development of the sector has been driven through large investments by private and state enterprises, leaving aside the development of small local experiences that pursue the objectives set out by law. Based on a sample of 60 family farmers from the south, this study collected information on the main sources of energy used at households and farms, the energy cost, among other parameters. Also, the study reports farmers' opinions about different aspects related to the concept of renewable energy. Results show that electricity is the main energy source used for households, and fossil fuel for farming. Most respondents believe that the cost of energy linked to the production process is high. A significant percentage considers that RE sources may be an option for rural development. In addition, respondents believe that there should be a State policy that ensures small producers' access to re, and suggest the implementation of a proposal with this goal.
Highlights
In Uruguay, the body responsible for defining energy policy is the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Mining
This study mainly aims to explore the viability of the use of renewable energy as a tool for rural development in typical family production systems in the departments of Canelones and Montevideo
A validation was carried out that consisted of applying the survey model to producers who did not participate in the sample, to correct the various problems that may arise after completion
Summary
In Uruguay, the body responsible for defining energy policy is the Ministry of Industry, Energy and Mining (hereinafter MIEM by its Spanish acronym). The objective of energy policy, according to MIEM, is to "satisfy all national energy needs at adequate costs for all social sectors and that provide competitiveness to the country". It seeks energetic independence within the regional integration framework and the promotion of healthy energy-consumption habits. Concerning policies, it defines that these must be sustainable both economically and environmentally, and considers energy policy as an instrument to develop productive capacities and promote social integration. For 2015 (short term), the aforementioned policy proposed that indigenous renewable sources reached 50% of the total primary energy matrix
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