Abstract
Renal tumors in children range from the benign neonatal congenital mesoblastic nephroma to the highly malignant anaplastic Wilms’ tumor. Despite the intense interest in renal tumors in children because of their genetic implications and understanding of oncogenesis, these tumors are relatively rare. Wilms’ tumors are the most common genitourinary solid tumor in children, yet they only occur in one in every 10,000 children [1]. The treatment, however, of Wilms’ tumor as well as the other tumors in children is one of the great modern miracles of medicine. Before the combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery, the survival rate of Wilms’ tumor in the early 20th century was only 20% [2]. Currently, as a result of better understanding of the tumors themselves and the multimodal approach to therapy, survival has continued to improve to its current rate of more than 90% [3–5].
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