Renal phosphorus excretion in adult healthy cats after the intake of high phosphorus diets with either calcium monophosphate or sodium monophosphate.

Abstract

Renal and faecal phosphorus excretion of adult healthy European shorthaired cats after the intake of high phosphorus diets (meat/rice based) with either calcium monophosphate (HP-CaP) or sodium monophosphate (HP-NaP) as main phosphorus source was compared. The control diets (CON-CaP and CON-NaP, respectively) did not contain any added phosphorus. Calcium/phosphorus ratio was adjusted to 1.3/1 by adding calcium carbonate. Twenty-three cats were available for the trials. All cats were fed the control diets for 29days; then, the HP diets were tested for 29days against controls in a crossover design. Faeces and urine were collected in the last 10days of each trial. Phosphorus in food, faeces and urine was measured by photometry after wet digestion. Phosphorus intake amounted to 84±10mg/kg body weight (BW) in CON-NaP (n=13) and to 74±7 in CON-CaP (n=12). In the HP groups, the intake was 255±34mg/kg BW (HP-NaP; n=13) and 216±20mg/kg BW (HP-CaP; n=12). The sodium monophosphate in group HP-NaP led to a higher renal phosphorus excretion (83±15mg/kg BW) than the calcium monophosphate (25±5mg/kg BW; p<0.05), even though the apparent phosphorus digestibility was higher in HP-CaP than in HP-NaP (p<0.05). Faecal calcium excretion was strictly correlated to faecal phosphorus excretion (r2 =0.98). The same was true for calcium and phosphorus balance (r2 =0.89). In group HP-NaP, seven of 13 cats showed glucosuria. By contrast, in HP-CaP glucosuria was not observed. Highly water-soluble inorganic phosphorus sources such as sodium phosphate are likely to lead to phosphaturia and may present a risk for renal health of cats.