Renal Parenchymal Hypoxia in Young Children in the Period of Complete Remission of Acute Uncomplicated Pyelonephritis without Renal Impairment

Abstract

Introduction. After establishing the diagnosis of pyelonephritis, there is a need to determine, whether renal parenchymal hypoxia remains in the period of remission. The least studied methods up to now are functional ones, which allow to verify the presence and degree of tissue hypoxia in secondary pyelonephritis and to evaluate the results of the medical measures to restore kidney function. Objective: to clarify the presence of renal parenchymal hypoxia and membrane destruction of the renal epithelium in young children with pyelonephritis without anatomic congenital malformations of the urinary system during its remission.Materials and methods of the study. The study involved 65 children with acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis, who after nephro-urological examination did not reveal anatomical malformations of the urinary system. General clinical examination was carried out, markers of tissue hypoxia and morphofunctional state of cell membranes of renal epithelium were determined.Discussion of the study results. The ability of urine to prevent crystal formation was significantly reduced to oxalates and phosphates in 40.0 and 47.7 % of the surveyed children. In one-third of children with pyelonephritis, oxalate excretion was significantly higher than in healthy children, hypophosphaturia was detected in 52.3 % of cases and the tendency to reduce the excretion of urates in 10.8 % of pediatric patients with pyelonephritis. The content of lipid peroxidation products in urine was increased in 41.5 % of the surveyed children with pyelonephritis, and appearance of polar lipids was observed in 46.2 % of patients.Conclusions. To predict the formation and for the purpose of early diagnosis of renal parenchymal hypoxia and the processes of nephrothelial membrane destruction in young children with pyelonephritis, it is recommended to use such markers, as indicators of urine ability to prevent crystal formation, daily excretion of salts, excretion of lipid peroxidation products and polar lipids in the urine. It is recommended to apply the methods to correct these changes.