Renal magnesium wasting disorders.

Abstract

Hypomagnesemia and magnesium deficiency may be due to gastrointestinal malabsorption, poor dietary intake or renal (tubular) magnesium wasting. Magnesium wasting would result in hypomagnesemia if dietary magnesium intake is insufficient. A number of causes of magnesium wasting have been identified including congenital or primary renal magnesium wasting, hyperaldosteronism, Bartter’s syndrome, diabetic ketoacidosis, acute alcohol intake and hypercalcemia with hypercalcuria. More recently attention has focussed on renal magnesium wasting due to drugs including diuretics, antibiotics, chemotherapeutic and immunosuppressive agents. One can consider renal magnesium wasting as an exaggerated physiological response due to pharmacological or toxic impairment of normal tubular magnesium reabsorption. It is clear that the ensuing hypomagnesemia is dependent on the dietary magnesium intake and the overall cellular magnesium depletion does not necessarily occur in a predictable fashion.KeywordsProximal TubuleLoop DiureticMagnesium TransportMagnesium ExcretionOsmotic DiureticThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.