Renal function during reflexly activated catecholamine flow through an adrenorenal rete

Abstract

Reflex vasoconstriction that occurs in the kidney of the dog can be the result of either of two mechanisms. The first is by activation of the renal sympathetic nerves and the second by reflex activation of catecholamine flow through an adrenorenal rete. Both reflex mechanisms can be activated by transient hypotension caused by experimentally induced atrial fibrillation in the sodium-replete pentobarbital-anesthetized dog. This study was undertaken to measure and compare the magnitude of changes in renal function that occur when these reflex mechanisms are activated and to evaluate the possible role of intrarenal angiotensin II in these two reflex effects. Reflex activation of catecholamine flow through an adrenorenal rete in intact or denervated kidneys produced a 26 +/- 3% decrease in renal plasma flow, a 23 +/- 4% decrease in glomerular filtration rate, a 58 +/- 7% decrease in urinary sodium excretion, and a 4 +/- 1% increase in filtration fraction, but no change in the fractional distribution of intrarenal blood flow. Changes of a similar direction and magnitude were seen in the same animals during reflex activation of the renal sympathetic nerves in the kidneys with intact or ligated adrenorenal rete. The same studies were performed after the intrarenal action of angiotensin II was blocked with [Sar1,Ala8]angiotensin II and similar responses were seen. Both of these reflexes appear to be important mechanisms by which the kidney can maintain vascular volume, and neither depends on intrarenal angiotensin II activity.