Abstract
A PRELIMINARY report was published in December, 1919,2 on the use of renal fluoroscopy at the operating table. Since then the method has been used routinely in the Mayo Clinic in most operations for renal lithiasis other than nephrectomy. The various advantages and disadvantages of renal fluoroscopy were observed in a series of 161 operations and are briefly described. In general it may be said that the advantages previously reported have been fully corroborated. The procedure is of greatest aid (1) in determining the presence of renal stone in cases in which roentgenograms, cystoscopy and urography fail to identify a doubtful shadow; (2) in the exact localization of the stone in the kidney, and (3) in insuring the removal of all stones, particularly if the shadows in the roentgenogram are multiple. With regard to the identification of doubtful shadows it must be said that, since the development of urography, but few shadows in the renal roentgenogram remain unidentified. Nevertheless, when the occasion a...
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