Abstract
Renal colic describes the acute, severe, and paroxysmal pain caused by obstruction of the urinary tract. Pain perceived as renal colic may stem from a variety of urologic and non-urologic conditions with a broad list of differential diagnoses encompassing numerous organ systems and pathological mechanisms. Careful evaluation with a thorough history and physical exam, as well as laboratory and imaging studies, is necessary to exclude life-threatening conditions and make a definitive diagnosis of an obstructing ureteral stone. Most cases can be treated expectantly with medical management, but urgent intervention with retrograde ureteral stenting or placement of a percutaneous nephrostomy tube may be necessary. In the post-acute setting, definitive treatment may be accomplished on an outpatient basis utilizing a modality commensurate with the clinical parameters, equipment and facility availability, and preferences of the physician and the patient.
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