Abstract
When patients with renal vascular lesions are not good candidates for surgery, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), a new nonsurgical approach, may help. In the hands of a skilled cardiovascular radiologist, this technique is safe, well-tolerated by the patient, and cost-effective. With PTA, the stenosed or occluded renal vessel is mechanically dilated under fluoroscopy using a specially constructed balloon catheter. The catheter, refined by Griintzig in 1976, has a polyvinyl chloride balloon that can be expanded to a predetermined size, thus effectively widening the arterial lumen without overdistending the vessel(1). In current clinical practice, the anatomic lesions that have proved most amenable to treatment with PTA include the following: 1. renal artery stenosis in patients with hypertension or deteriorating renal function; 2. single or multiple focal stenoses of iliac and femoral arteries; 3. coronary artery stenosis or occlusion; 4. subclavian or axillary artery stenosis in patients who have ischemic symptoms.
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