Abstract
Here we report the fabrication of graphene oxide (GO)-based membranes covalently combined with bovine serum albumin (BSA) for metal ions detection. In this system, BSA acts as a transporter protein in the membrane and endows the membrane with selective recognition of Co2+, Cu2+, AuCl4−, and Fe2+. Combining the metal-binding ability of BSA and the large surface area of GO, the hybrid membrane can be used as a water purification strategy to selectively absorb a large amount of AuCl4− from HAuCl4 solution. Moreover, BSA could reduce the membrane-immobilized AuCl4− by adding sodium borohydride (NaBH4). Interestingly, adsorption experiments on three kinds of metal ions showed that the GO–BSA membrane had good selective adsorption of Co2+ compared with Cu2+ and Fe2+. The morphology and composition changes of the membrane were observed with atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. It is expected that this facile strategy for fabricating large-scale graphene-biomolecule membranes will spark inspirations in the development of functional nanomaterials and wastewater purification.
Highlights
Purification of wastewater is always the focus of industry, pharmaceutical enterprises, and environmental protection departments [1]
The graphene oxide (GO) prepared by the Inspired by the above studies, we provide a facile method to fabricate the GO–bovines serum albumin (BSA) membrane for Hammers method was mixed with ClCH2COONa and NaOH to transform the esters, hydroxyl removing heavy metal ions from water
To increase the efficiency of the conjugation between GO and BSA, we increased the content of the the carboxyl group on the GO surface according to a previous work [35]
Summary
Purification of wastewater is always the focus of industry, pharmaceutical enterprises, and environmental protection departments [1]. Wastewater contains dyes and metal ions, such as Co2+ , Cu2+ , and Fe2+ [2]. The wastewater from gold purification contains residual. Proteins have been suggested as a potential candidate for removing heavy metal ions from water [4,5,6]. Mezzenga et al [7,8] reported that β-lactoglobulin amyloid fibril could be combined with activated carbon and used for the efficient removal of heavy metal ion from water. Their findings indicated that these protein fibrils allowed the reduction of membrane-immobilized metal ions into valuable metal nanoparticles.
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