Abstract
The Zn(II) and Mn(II) removal by an ion flotation process from model and real dilute aqueous solutions derived from waste batteries was studied in this work. The research aimed to determine optimal conditions for the removal of Zn(II) and Mn(II) from aqueous solutions after acidic leaching of Zn-C and Zn-Mn waste batteries. The ion flotation process was carried out at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Two organic compounds used as collectors were applied, i.e., m-dodecylphosphoric acid 32 and m-tetradecylphosphoric 33 acid in the presence of a non-ionic foaming agent (Triton X-100, 29). It was found that both compounds can be used as collectors in the ion flotation for Zn(II) and Mn(II) removal process. Process parameters for Zn(II) and Mn(II) flotation have been established for collective or selective removal metals, e.g., good selectivity coefficients equal to 29.2 for Zn(II) over Mn(II) was achieved for a 10 min process using collector 32 in the presence of foaming agent 29 at pH = 9.0.
Highlights
Ecological aspects and an increasing depletion of polymetallic ores generate the need for research on new nonferrous materials in unused and hard-to-reach places as well as for the improvement in techniques used to recover metals from secondary sources.There is a growing interest in the recovery of metals from electrical and electronic solid wastes [1,2,3,4,5,6], batteries and accumulators [7,8,9,10], as well as car catalysts [11]
The main advantages of waste treatment are the recovery of valuable metallic materials and the prevention of the release of toxic metals into the natural environment
The ion flotation process is effective for diluted aqueous solutions and can be selective using specific collectors [19,20]
Summary
Ecological aspects and an increasing depletion of polymetallic ores generate the need for research on new nonferrous materials in unused and hard-to-reach places as well as for the improvement in techniques used to recover metals from secondary sources. The ion flotation process is effective for diluted aqueous solutions and can be selective using specific collectors [19,20]. It was shown that the removal of Zn(II) ions depends on the nature of the ligand He indicated that the amount of zinc–thiocyanate complexes decreased with the type of acid in the following order: HCIO4 < H3 PO4 < HCl < H2 SO4 < no acid. The selective removal of Zn(II), Mn(II) in a flotation process with anionic collectors (sodium dodecylsulfonate or 30) in the presence of other metals in aqueous solutions increased in the order: Mn2+ < Zn2+ < Co2+ < Fe3+ < Cr3+. It allowed the determination of the factors influencing the efficiency and selectivity of the process
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