Abstract
Niobium containing aluminophosphate molecular sieve (NbFAPSO-5) was hydrothermally synthesized with AlPO-5 type structure. Characterization of this catalyst was performed by X-ray diffraction to determine its structure, inductive coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) for its elemental composition and infrared spectrometry (IR) to access its acidic properties. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed well AlPO-5 type structure. ICP-AES analysis confirmed the incorporation of silicon (12.9%), aluminium (15.4%), phosphorous (21.9%), iron (5.62%) and niobium (0.39%) into AlPO-5 framework. Infrared spectrometry analysis showed that both Bronsted and Lewis sites were found in the synthesized sample. A fixed-bed reactor was used to investigate the activity of the resulting catalysts in the removal of sulfides and benzene in fluid catalytic cracking gasoline. Under suitable conditions of a metal loading of 15%, a reaction temperature of 423K, a reaction time of 30 min, a space velocity of 3 h<sup>-1</sup>, and a reaction pressure of 1 MPa; desulfurization and debenzolization ratios reach 100% and 19.9% respectively. Research octane number of the gasoline increased by two units. This remarkable behavior makes NbFAPSO-5 family, a potential candidate for industrial application as catalysts in the clean fuel.
Highlights
Due to air quality deterioration caused by consumption of fossil fuel, new regulations have been proposed to limit the content of aromatic compounds and sulfides in gasoline[14]
In this paper we report the removal of sulfides and benzene in FFC gasoline over NbFAPSO-5molecular sieve catalyst
Compositional analysis of the synthesized sample NbFAPSO-5 showed that 39% of niobium was confirmed to be incorporated while maintaining AIPO-5 type structure
Summary
Due to air quality deterioration caused by consumption of fossil fuel, new regulations have been proposed to limit the content of aromatic compounds and sulfides in gasoline[14]. Simple aromatic hydrogenation into saturated hydrocarbons, e.g., naphthenes, would result in a decline in the research octane number (RON) of gasoline [20, 21]; the side reactions, e.g., cleavage, would produce hydrocarbons with low molecular weight, which decreases vehicle fuels yield [22], and causes high Reid vapor pressure (RVP), which is strictly regulated to be under 0.05 MPa for gasoline in most states This poses a challenge to refiners, who need to sustain quality and properties of gasoline, and to decrease the benzene and sulfur content. The product was cooled, separated by a gas-liquid separator, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
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