Abstract
We created 3D-reduced graphene oxide/sodium alginate double network (GAD) beads to address the problem of local water pollution by antimony. GAD is a novel material with the high specific surface area of graphene and biosecurity of sodium alginate. Due to the introduction of graphene, the thermal stability and specific surface area of GAD are enhanced, as shown from the FTIR, TGA, BET, Raman, and XRD characterizations. The influence of different environmental variables-such as the pH, dosage, temperature, contact time, and sodium chloride concentration on the Sb(III) sorption with GAD-was investigated. The adsorption results fit well with both the pseudo-second order (R2 > 0.99) and Freundlich (R2 > 0.99) isotherm models. The temperature rise has a negative influence on the adsorption. The Langmuir adsorption capacity is 7.67 mg/g, which is higher than many adsorbents. The GAD results from the fixed-bed adsorption experiment were a good fit with the Thomas model (R2 > 0.99). In addition, GAD appears to be a renewable and ideal adsorbent for the treatment of antimony pollution in aqueous systems.
Highlights
We created 3D-reduced graphene oxide/sodium alginate double network (GAD) beads to address the problem of local water pollution by antimony
The Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images are shown in Fig. 1; GAD is the black hydrogel bead (Fig. 1a) and single-network hydrogel beads (SAS) is the yellow-white hydrogel bead (Fig. 1b)
Graphene layers are inclined to curl, which is caused by the van der Waals force and π–π stacking between the graphene layers[45,46], the GAD beads exhibited undulating features
Summary
We created 3D-reduced graphene oxide/sodium alginate double network (GAD) beads to address the problem of local water pollution by antimony. GAD is a novel material with the high specific surface area of graphene and biosecurity of sodium alginate. Yuan et al enhanced the mechanical strength of hydrogel beads from 0.29 MPa (single-network) to 2.14 MPa (double-network) by forming the double-network structure; the adsorption capacities for C u2+ and Cr2O72- were 169.5 mg/g and 72.46 mg/g, respectively[35]. This result indicates that double-network structure materials are feasible adsorbents for dealing with water pollution caused by metals. The adsorption performance of GAD under different application scenario such as fixed bed column hardly been reported before
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