Abstract
Aquaculture plays an important role in providing protein-rich foods, meeting the growing demand for fish. However, aquaculture is a potentially polluting activity, especially with regard to water pollution, due to the improper disposal of wastewater from the production process. Aquaculture wastewater is rich in nutrients (ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and phosphorus) and organic matter, and is commonly discharged into the environment without proper treatment. This can cause a series of environmental impacts and aggravate the current water crisis. Due to the importance and need to reduce environmental impacts, plan the use of water resources and achieve an efficient and sustainable production process, many researchers have focused their studies on effluent treatment techniques designed to remove these nutrients. This article therefore presents an updated review of the main physicochemical and biological techniques used in the removal of nutrients, which can mitigate environmental problems arising from aquaculture activities and contribute to the sustainability of the activity.
 Keywords: biological removal, nitrogen compounds, sustainable activity.
Highlights
Fishing is one of the oldest activities practiced by man to obtain protein-rich foods
It is necessary to constantly search for techniques to remove nutrients and for more efficient cultivation systems that can provide a reduction in environmental impacts, as well as the treatment and reuse of water
Between 2005 and 2010, interest in nutrient removal techniques such as nitrate, nitrite and ammonia increased, since the most cited words in the literature in this period refer to nitrate removal, biofloc technology and aquaculture, being the physicochemical processes, most reported in the literature
Summary
Fishing is one of the oldest activities practiced by man to obtain protein-rich foods. As a result of industrial fishing and the need to meet the growing world demand for food, the supply of fish in natural environments has decreased considerably, causing a decline in activity income. The decline in fishing income and population expansion have driven the growth of aquaculture, which in recent years has played an important role in the global supply of proteinrich foods (Hlordzi et al, 2020; Huang et al, 2020; Manju et al, 2009). In order to keep up with population growth and to meet the growing demand for fish, aquaculture production should increase, on average, between 60% to 100% in the 20-30 years (FAO, 2020; Turcios and Papenbrock, 2014; Webb et al, 2012)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
