Abstract
Presence of iron and manganese in water not only affects the organoleptic properties of water, but also can cause a number of problems in drinking water treatments. Their removal in drinking water preparation processes becomes more complicated in the presence of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in water. There are certain commercialized products at the market that are used for removal of manganese, iron and ammonia, but it is of crucial importance to establish an appropriate order of removal in the technological process during drinking water treatment. Through the various combinations of commercialized filtration media, the removal of iron, manganese, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia, was being examined and on the basis of obtained results their effectiveness was estimated. Research results have shown that hydrogen sulfide is pollutant that causes problems during the adsorption in removing manganes. Ammonia, which is bonded to hydrogen sulphide influences the volume of treated water when it comes to removing the iron and manganese. Decrease in the concentration of hydrogen sulfide at the entrance to Filtersorb FMH for four times, has led to an increase in the volume of treated water in the amount of two times, followed by the breakthrough point of concentration of manganese. For complete usage capacity of commercialized products for the removal of these pollutants, finding their mutual bond in compounds which are present in the water, is of the importance.
Highlights
The presence of iron, manganese, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in ground and surface waters, can cause a number of problems that are related to the health safety of water
For the purpose of this research raw groundwater was taken from wells with depths of 220 m, which is characterized by increased levels of hydrogen sulfide in the range of 0.100 to 0.657 mg/L, ammonia from 0.670 to 1.400 mg/L, iron of 0.820 to 1.380 mg/L, manganese, from 0.048 to 0.159 mg/L, while the pH value was in the range from 7.2 to 7.6
Ammonia, iron and manganese are pollutants which cause interferences in the process of adsorption, influencing the adsorption capacity, in case the order of removal has not been chosen adequately. Their mutual influence was examined through the relation of the inlet and outlet concentrations of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, iron and manganese, as a function of the volume of treated water per unit volume of the adsorption medium ( Vw Va i.e., bead volume—BV)
Summary
The presence of iron, manganese, hydrogen sulfide and ammonia in ground and surface waters, can cause a number of problems that are related to the health safety of water. Increased concentrations of manganese in drinking water can be toxic for the embryo and fetus [4]. The presence of ammonia in the water supply system may cause nitrogenous oxygen demand, and the occurrence of eutrophication, due to uncontrolled algae growth. The appearance of hydrogen sulfide in water creates an unpleasant odour of water, and due to its toxicity, its presence in drinking water is limited [5]. Due to the pronounced toxicity, hydrogen sulfide is undesirable in the drinking water, and if it is present, it is necessary to be removed [6]
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