REMOVAL OF LIPID AND CHOLESTEROL FROM GOAT PLACENTA BY SUPERCRITICAL CARBON DIOXIDE EXTRACTION

Abstract

ABSTRACT Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) extraction was applied to remove lipid and cholesterol from the freeze‐dried goat placenta. The effects of process parameters including pressure, temperature, moisture content and particle size on the lipid and cholesterol removal efficiencies were investigated. The composition of fatty acid in the lipid extracted by SC‐CO2 was compared with those by traditional extraction techniques with n‐hexane and chloroform/methanol mixture, respectively. The cholesterol content in placenta was reduced to 7.09 mg/g (equal to 96% removal efficiency,) and 80% lipid recovery were achieved by SC‐CO2 extraction at 30 MPa and 47.5C with 15 L/h for CO2 flow rate and 5.2% moisture content of raw material. Therefore, supercritical carbon dioxide extraction is suitable for effective and selective removal of lipid and cholesterol from goat placenta.PRACTICAL APPLICATIONSSupercritical fluid extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) nowadays has been considered a new alternative for benign extraction of natural compounds. SC‐CO2 extraction has been successfully applied to lower the cholesterol level in many animal products such as beef, chicken, pork, cow brain, shrimp and butter oil. This study showed the feasibility of selectively removing lipid and cholesterol from goat placenta with SC‐CO2. Placenta products, with the removal of lipid and cholesterol, can be developed as healthy low‐cholesterol foods.