Abstract
As a reusable adsorbent to remove lead from water, a peptide-based magnetic adsorbent incorporating lead-binding peptide was constructed. First, a 7-mer lead-binding peptide (TNTLSNN) was covalently bonded onto the surface of a magnetic bead. Compared to the adsorption capacity of a bare magnetic bead (4.0 mg lead/g bead), the peptide-linked bead exhibited a capacity more than eight times higher than that of a bare bead (34.1 mg lead/g bead). The regenerated peptide bead, by desorbing the lead from the bead with EDTA, could be repeatedly used (tested over six cycles) for the following round of lead adsorption without any significant loss of adsorption capacity. The selective removal of lead in the presence of other interfering metals was demonstrated with the individual or the combinatory use of four metal ions, namely Pb(II), Ni(II), Co(II), and Cu(II), where the amount of adsorbed Pb(II) was remarkably higher than those of the other metal ions. The adsorption isotherm followed the Langmuir model well, with the maximum adsorption loading (qmax) of 70.4 mg lead/g bead.
Highlights
Heavy metal pollution in water environments has become a severe problem, since metals are generally refractory components and some are highly hazardous to the ecosystem, even at low concentrations [1]
Since the peptide has an amine and a carboxylic group on both ends, the lead-binding peptide can be linked via ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC)/NHS
Depending4on the surface characteristic of the bead, the lead ion can be adsorbed to the bare surface of the bead that is not occupied with the peptide
Summary
Heavy metal pollution in water environments has become a severe problem, since metals are generally refractory components and some are highly hazardous to the ecosystem, even at low concentrations [1]. Various technologies (i.e., precipitation, filtration, ion exchange, and extraction) for removing heavy metals from aqueous effluents have been suggested, but many of those are only appropriate for the treatment of effluent, including high concentrations of metals [3,4,5]. Their removal efficiencies are not high enough to reduce the metal concentration down to the level of the water quality standard [6]. Most of the adsorbents explored have not shown the selective binding property for specific metal in complex environmental matrices This means that excessive doses of the adsorbents need to be used for the removal of the target metal coexisting with a relatively greater amount of interfering pollutants
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