Abstract
AbstractStormwater generated in urbanized areas is generally contaminated with different pollutants such as heavy metals, nutrients, and suspended solids. One of the successful infrastructures in managing stormwater quality in cities is biofiltration system. Biofilters which consist of a layered filter media and vegetation are found successful in removing different classes of pollutants. Filter media of such systems is found to be the main contributor in removing heavy metals; however, its efficiency is highly dependent on material composition and size distribution. This study is aimed to review and discuss different types of filter media and their performances in removing different heavy metals and also the practical limitations of using such material in biofiltration systems. Moreover, other influencing factors in selecting the filter media including infiltration rate, metals accumulation in soil, and the short-term and long-term functionality of the system are discussed.KeywordsBiofiltration systemStormwater managementHeavy metal removalFilter media
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