Abstract
Abstract CuS phases degrade the performance of electrodeposited and sulfurized CuInS 2 films acting as absorption layers for solar cell applications. In this study, CuS phases have been effectively removed from CuInS 2 films by using a two-stage thermal treatment and electrochemical etching. Multiple material analyses, including X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy, were performed to examine the presence of CuS on CuInS 2 films. Results indicate that sulfurization with a two-stage thermal treatment enables sulfur atoms to distribute uniformly, thereby enhancing a full reaction between the CuIn precursor film and the sulfur powder. Additionally, electrochemical etching provides an alternative method to eliminate CuS phases in a low-temperature process.
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