Abstract
Calcium Alginate/Spent-Coffee-Grounds composite beads (CA-SCGs beads), which were made of two different proportions of alginate and spent-coffee-grounds (3:3 and 3:10), respectively, were used to adsorb Cu2+ in aqueous solution. These beads were compared with calcium alginate beads (CA beads) and spent-coffee-grounds (SCGs) in terms of adsorption capacity and rate of adsorption. The experiments were carried out at an initial pH of 4 at 30 °C with initial concentrations of Cu2+ from 10 ppm to 100 ppm. Equilibrium data was fitted with Langmuir, Freundlich and Sips models, and a pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. The Sips model showed the best correlation with the experimental values. CA-SCGs (3:3) beads showed a faster adsorption rate versus the CA beads. Also, CA-SCGs (3:3) beads showed a larger capacity of adsorption according to the Sips model, but not in the Langmuir model. FT-IR spectra and SEM images were taken for characterization. This study has shown that the CA-SCGs (3:3) beads have a synergistic effect, combining the capacity of adsorption of CA beads with the kinetics of the SCGs. The CA-SCGs beads have proven to be an effective adsorbent of Cu2+. Therefore, they can provide a use for the SCGs; which are considered pollutants in landfills.
Highlights
Copper is primarily used as the metal or alloy in the manufacture of wire, sheet metal, pipe, and other metal products
In the case of copper and copper compounds that have been released into the water, the copper that dissolves can be carried in surface waters either in the form of copper compounds or as free copper or, more likely, copper bound to particles suspended in the water
The objective of this study is to see the performance of the calcium alginate (CA)-spent coffee grounds (SCGs) beads as adsorbent of Cu2+ in water and how this performance is due to the matrix used for encapsulation but the synergistic effect between the SCGs and CA
Summary
Copper is primarily used as the metal or alloy in the manufacture of wire, sheet metal, pipe, and other metal products. Compounds of copper are used in agriculture to treat plant diseases. Copper is frequently found near mines, smelters, industrial settings, landfills, and waste disposal sites. Humans could be exposed to soluble copper levels in drinking water above the acceptable drinking water standard of the United. The negative effects of acid mine drainage can be observed in places where there are sulfide ores and sulfide-containing raw materials used to be mined [2]. This requires removal of copper in acidic conditions where the copper is most soluble. Copper concentrations between 1 and Materials 2019, 12, 395; doi:10.3390/ma12030395 www.mdpi.com/journal/materials
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