Removal of COD and BOD from animals’ slaughterhouse wastewater through polyethersulfone/cellulose nano crystals membrane

Abstract

A slaughterhouse is a building used for slaughtering animals. Slaughterhouses produce waste in the form of feces, urine, waste in the rumen or stomach, meat or fat, and washing water. The waste water treatment plan system at the slaughterhouse in Banda Aceh is dysfunctional and unusable, consequently wastewater is thrown directly into the sewer. It has the potential to contaminate the quality of water. Slaughterhouse waste treatment is carried out chemically, aerobically, and anaerobically, through coagulation, filtration, adsorption, electrocoagulation, and processing with membranes. Processing with membranes is an alternative to treating liquid waste. In this study, the membrane process used was ultrafiltration with polyether sulfone (PES) membrane material, methylpirrolidone (NMP) solvent, and nanocrystalline cellulose additive. The variables in this study were M1 (pure PES membrane), M2 (PE membrane + 1% nanocrystal cellulose), and M3 (PES membrane + 5% nanocrystalline cellulose). The purpose of this study was to examine the results of the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), the mechanical strength of the membrane, the results of COD and BOD analysis of the Slaughterhouse wastewater, the effect of adding nanocrystal cellulose to the flux value, and physical observations of the liquid waste after going through the filtration process using a membrane. The top layer without nanocrystal cellulose has thinner pores than the membrane with the addition of nanocrystal cellulose. The break elongation value produced by the membrane with additives is 68%. Pure water flux data for pure PES membranes is greater than the membranes using additives, at 17.96 L/m 2 .jam.bar. The addition of nanocrystalline cellulose makes a dense layer thicker than the layers of other membranes, thereby increasing the flux on the membrane. After processing with a filtration test, the results of the water analysis, specifically COD and BOD from slaughterhouse waste, do not pass the quality standard value, indicating that slaughterhouse waste can be thrown directly into water bodies without disturbing the surrounding population.