Removal of cerium from different aqueous solutions using different adsorbents: A review

Abstract

Given their unique physicochemical properties, cerium compounds are widely used in different industries. The increase in the consumption of these compounds has released more cerium to the environment. Considering the relative toxicity of cerium toward living organisms, it is important to treat cerium containing waste streams. Adsorption can be effectively employed for the treatment of cerium-containing waste streams. No previous review is available about the performance of the adsorption technique for the uptake of cerium from different aqueous solutions. Therefore, the authors presented extensive literature information about the potentially effective sorbents for the removal of cerium. This review article compiles a complete list of potentially effective sorbents in the removal of cerium. In this context, the efficiency of different adsorbents under different physicochemical parameters such as solution acidity, initial concentration, adsorbent type (available and developed sorbents), and dosage of cerium, contact time, temperature, and presence of competing ions in the solution was investigated, as well. To evaluate the performance of different adsorbents, their adsorption capacity for cerium ion and the overall cerium removal were studied. The application of different adsorption isotherm models and kinetic models for cerium removal was also reviewed here. Finally, this review article identifies future research works and challenges on the adsorption of cerium by different adsorbents.