Abstract
The Eucalyptus lenceolata wood was collected from Malakand division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Chemical activation of sample was conducted for surface efficiency. Batch studies were performed to address various experimental parameters like, contact time, temperature and adsorbent dosage for the removal of dye. For elemental analysis, surface morphology and for identification of different functional groups, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques were applied, respectively. Removal of dye (Basic Green 5) was studied on raw and activated samples by kinetics adsorption at different temperature. BET adsorption isotherm was used to characterize the surface area of the sample. Under the conditions investigated, a higher carbonization temperature promoted development of porous structures. Intraparticle diffusion, Elovich and Bhangam models were used for adsorption kinetics studies. From adsorption kinetic data thermodynamic parameters like ΔH ≠ , ΔS ≠ and ΔE ≠ were determined. The results show that the adsorption is spontaneous process. The endothermic nature of adsorptive process is due to the positive value of enthalpy. The negative entropy shows that acids molecules on the surface of adsorbent take an oriented position. The results shows that all the models were best fitted for these data of adsorption. KEY WORDS : Activated carbon, Adsorption, SEM, EDS, FTIR, Surface area Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2017 , 31(3), 411-422. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v31i3.5
Highlights
Over the last ten years, adsorption systems contain activated carbon (AC) has been well thought-out one of the greatest available technologies for removing both organic and inorganic trace contaminants [1, 2]
BET procedure was used to determine surface area of Eucalyptus lenceolata. It is based on multilayer adsorption of nitrogen gas on carbon surface and gives a base to explore the micro porous surface area of carbon
This method is support on monolayer adsorption of Langmuir isotherm exceeds to multilayer adsorption with assumptions: (1) N2 molecules accumulate on adsorbent in layers
Summary
Over the last ten years, adsorption systems contain activated carbon (AC) has been well thought-out one of the greatest available technologies for removing both organic and inorganic trace contaminants [1, 2]. Activated carbons have adsorption ability that stems from their high surface area, porosity and surface chemical properties. These are the rich resources of adsorbents for waste water. The removal of phenol from aqueous solution on activated carbon was carried out under various conditions like contact time, concentration, pH and adsorbent dose [12]. The carbon was activated with organic solvent n-hexane and kept for 24 hours at 25 oC with regular mixing to remove the organic content form the sample, and it was filtered. Two initial concentrations of the dye sample were kept in reagent bottles and were shacked in thermo stated water bath shakers at 25 oC for different time (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours). The quantity of dye adsorbed (DΦ. mol/g) were determined with the help of the formula (1):
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